REFLEKTIF Journal of Social Sciences (e-ISSN: 2718-0344, ISSN: 2717-9842) is published by Istanbul Bilgi University, three times in a year. It has been published since the year of 2020. The journal publishes original Turkish an English articles on the subjects of human and social sciences. The views expressed in the papers are under the responsibility of authors.
All manuscripts which are submitted to the REFLEKTIF Journal of Social Sciences should not be published, accepted and submitted for publication elsewhere. In case an article is accepted for publication it is allowed to combine the article with other researches, to conduct a new research on the article or to make different arrangements on condition that the same license is used including the commercial purpose. As an author of an article published in REFLEKTIF Journal of Social Sciences you retain the copyright of your article and you are free to reproduce and disseminate your work.
Copyright (c) 2025 Emre Erdoğan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Creative Alienation in Art due to Artificial Intelligence
Artificial intelligence is rapidly transforming operations across diverse sectors, including education, healthcare, the arts, economics, pharmaceuticals, and defense. In particular, generative AI has begun to reshape content-driven fields such as text generation, graphic and video production, and cross-lingual translation. Its growing role in artistic domains is especially noteworthy. However, as AI becomes more integrated into creative processes, a range of challenges has emerged. These include concerns about data privacy, biased or inaccurate content, hallucinated outputs, and disruptions to employment. At the same time, efforts to address these issues are underway. Research has also shown that AI tools, while reducing cognitive load, may diminish active engagement in learning. This disengagement can lead to shallow learning, distorted memory formation, and weakened critical thinking. Against this backdrop, the present study explores the issue of alienation that arises in the relationship between the artist and their work as AI becomes a creative agent. It also examines the connection between this alienation and the artist’s cognitive and neural engagement during the creative process.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mahmut Özer, Matjaz Perc https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Right to the City for Companion Species: Biopolitical Interventions Toward Street Animals in Turkiye
This study explores how street dogs in Turkey have been problematized in public discourse, focusing on their exclusion through the lens of the “right to the city.” In recent years, dogs have been framed as public safety threats, leading to securitization and species-based marginalization. The study uses three key concepts—Haraway’s companion species, Lefebvre’s right to the city, and Foucault’s biopolitics—to examine how urban animals are governed and perceived. It argues that dogs, like humans, are entitled to urban space and should be included in debates about urban rights and justice. By challenging the question “What are dogs doing in the city?”, the study expands urban theory to include non-human life. It ultimately calls for a reconsideration of human-animal relations and urban ethics, offering a more inclusive understanding of the city as a shared space shaped by diverse forms of life.
Copyright (c) 2025 Onur Özkan, Gökberk Uray https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Situation of the Arctic Council After Russia’s Attack to Ukraine: Is Neoliberal Institutionalism Still Working?
Today, the Arctic Council is considered the primary forum on Arctic-related issues. The Council provides a platform for Arctic countries and indigenous groups to address a wide range of issues, from climate change and environmental protection to sustainable development and scientific research. The establishment of the Arctic Council is based on the idea that international organizations can facilitate cooperation between states. The theoretical basis of this idea is Neoliberal Institutionalism. Despite all this optimism of the council, the Arctic Council is among the institutions most deeply affected by the Russia-Ukraine War, which started after Russia's attack on Ukraine on February 24, 2022. The fact that all seven Arctic states imposed unprecedented sanctions against Russia due to the war in Ukraine and boycotted the Arctic Council under the Russian presidency is the biggest challenge in the history of the Arctic Council. It is clear that Arctic cooperation with Russia will undergo significant changes and the survival of the Arctic Council after Norway's presidency remains uncertain.
Copyright (c) 2025 Sıla Turaç Baykara https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Situation of Young Children (0–6) in Seasonal Agricultural Migration in Türkiye
This study examines the experiences and vulnerabilities of children aged 0–6 accompanying their families during seasonal agricultural migration in Turkey. Based on a qualitative case study in hazelnut-producing regions of the Black Sea, the research focuses on the developmental, educational, and social challenges faced by young children living in precarious, mobile conditions. Data were gathered through interviews with migrant mothers, field observations, and discussions with labor contractors and local stakeholders. Findings show that children in migratory agricultural settings face overlapping deprivations. These deprivations encompass limited or absent access to early childhood education, disrupted caregiving, unsafe environments, and inconsistent health services. Mothers experience high stress as they balance caregiving with long work hours. The study highlights how public policies and local services largely overlook the needs of these children, rendering them invisible in formal interventions. It calls for context-sensitive, age-appropriate support systems that uphold the rights and developmental needs of young children in agricultural labor contexts.
Copyright (c) 2025 Tuğba Kontaş Azaklı https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Individual Disaster Resilience Levels of University Students and Related Factors
The study was conducted to determine the individual disaster resistance levels and related factors of students studying at a university. 400 students studying at a university were included in the cross-sectional study. The questionnaire form used to collect the data included questions questioning some descriptive characteristics of the students and the Individual Disaster Resilience Scale (IDS). In addition to descriptive statistics, linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the data. As a result, this study showed that the individual disaster resistance levels of university students were above average. In addition, those who engaged in regular physical activity, had information about the disaster preparedness plan, and determined a meeting place after the earthquake in their locality had higher individual disaster resistance; those with diagnosed physical illnesses had lower individual disaster resistance. Including courses on disaster education in the curriculum of university students may contribute to increasing the individual disaster resistance of students
Copyright (c) 2025 Göksel Öztürk, Başak Karayılanoğlu, Dilan Dilay Aygün https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Jan Werner-Müller (2021). What is Populism?
Literatürde; elit karşıtlığı, homojen halk ve milli irade gibi unsurlar sıklıkla popülizme atfedilmektedir. Bu unsurlar popülizme içkin olmasına karşın kavramın günümüzdeki farklı sosyo-kültürel ve sosyo-ekonomik bağlamlardaki görünümlerini kapsayan bir tanım geliştirilememiştir. Jan-Werner Müller (2021) tarafından kaleme alınan “Popülizm Nedir?” başlıklı eser popülizmi anlama ve tanımlama çabalarına disiplinlerarası bir perspektifle yaklaşarak alternatif bir kavramsal çerçeve sunmaktadır. Müller, popülizmin pratik ve teorik açıdan incelenmesi gerektiğine dikkat çekerek popülizm literatüründe öne çıkan tartışmalara net yanıtlar aramaktadır. Kitapta popülistlerin kim olduğu, hangi söylemlere başvurdukları, iktidar süreçlerinin nasıl geçtiği ve popülizmin mücadele edilmesi gereken bir olgu olup olmadığı gibi konulara odaklanılmaktadır. Müller, popülizmi; müphem bir olgu olarak değerlendiren yaklaşımları eleştirmekte ve popülizmin pratik ve teorik analizler ile bütüncül bir şekilde değerlendirilmesi gerektiğini savunmaktadır. Müller, kitabın son bölümünde ileri sürdüğü “yedi tez” ile popülizme atfedilen özelliklere yeni bir alternatif ileri sürmektedir. 2016’da Was ist Populismus? özgün adıyla yayımlanan kitap, Türkçe literatüre 2017’de İletişim Yayınları tarafından kazandırılmıştır. Müller’in popülizm araştırmalarına konu olan makalelerinden yararlandığı kitap bu yönüyle “derleme” niteliği taşımaktadır. “Giriş: Herkes Popülist Midir?”, “Popülistler Ne Yapar ya da İktidardaki Popülistler?”, “Popülistler ile Nasıl Başa Çıkılır?”, “Sonuç: Popülizm Üzerine Yedi Tez” başlıklı bölümlerden oluşan kitap, 125 sayfadan oluşmaktadır.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mesut Can Akçay https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Mediating Role of Customer Satisfaction in the Effect of Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Chatbots on Online Shopping Experience and Repurchase Intention
This study examines the impact of artificial intelligence (AI)-powered chatbots on the online shopping experience, customer satisfaction, repurchase intention, and the mediating role of customer satisfaction in this process. Data collected from online shoppers were analyzed to investigate the effects of interactions provided by AI-powered chatbots on customer satisfaction and the mediating role of customer satisfaction in repurchase intention. The study's population consists of consumers in Turkey who use AI-powered chatbots while shopping online. The Smart PLS 3 (Partial Least Squares) statistical software tested the hypotheses. The analysis results revealed that chatbots positively influence the online shopping experience. Additionally, the online shopping experience positively affects both repurchase intention and customer satisfaction. It was also found that online customer satisfaction positively influences online repurchase intention. Furthermore, online customer satisfaction was found to mediate the positive relationship between online shopping experience and online repurchase intention. Similarly, the online shopping experience was identified as a positive mediator between chatbots and online repurchase intention and customer satisfaction.
Copyright (c) 2025 Mert Aktaş, Yakup Durmaz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
AKP's Hagia Sophia Decision Amid Defeat, Victimisation and Demonstrations of Power
Discussing the meaning, significance and function of the 2019 decision to re-convert Hagia Sophia to a mosque in terms of the AKP’s power position and strategy, this study is divided into two parts. The first part addresses the decision to turn Hagia Sophia into a museum within the context of the early Republican nation-state's objective of Westernisation, interpretation of secularism, considerations regarding minority groups, and conception of 'acceptable citizenship' so as to provide a background. In the second part, while the justifications of the AKP's decision to convert Hagia Sophia into a mosque is portrayed as a reactionary, symbolic and emotional process of a new national identity construction, political authoritarianism and related power and legitimacy deficits that has become more evident with the shift to the Presidential Government System is brought to the fore as the context facilitating this process. In doing so, the political leg of the hegemony project of a regime trying to hold-on to power and its the design to alter the nation-state’s identity will be connected.
Copyright (c) 2025 Reyhan Ünal https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Bu görsel, Türkiye’de yerelliğin çoklu ve çatışmalı doğasına temas eder. Gece ile gündüz, köy ile şehir, doğu ile batı arasında uzanan alanlar, bu kompozisyonda sabit sınırlar olarak değil, birbirine yapıştırılmış, sızdıran yüzeyler olarak belirir. Görselin ikiye bölünmüş yapısı, biçimsel olduğu kadar düşünsel bir yarılmayı da açığa çıkarır: yerellik, parçalanmış, yeniden bir araya getirilmiş, tutkal izleri belli olan bir aralıktır. Hayvanlar —horoz ve öküz— folklorik süslemeler değil; güç, çatışma ve direnç temsilleridir. Aralarındaki karşılaşma, ne açık bir kavga ne de uzlaşıdır; yerel olanın içinde barınan çelişkilerin görsel yansımasıdır. Alt bölgedeki Selçuklu geometrileri ise geçmişin tekrar tekrar kurulan yüzeyleri olarak çıkar karşımıza. Bu motifler, simetrik bir düzenden çok, yarım kalmışlık ve yeniden kullanım izleri taşır. Karanlığın içinden süzülen figürler, hem kontrolün hem de belirsizliğin simgeleridir. Kadınlık, burada ailevi kapanmalar, bakım emeği ve bastırılmış belleğin taşıyıcısı olarak katmanlanır. Kadını yerelin tanımlanmasında tam ortaya koyar. Bu sızıntılı yüzeyin yarattığı geçişken aralık, hem zamanın hem mekânın sabitlenemediği, anlamın kesintiye uğradığı bir eşiktir. Kolaj hissi, yerelliğin kendisini de bir tür montaj olarak düşündürür: tutarlı değil, çelişkili; örtüşen değil, çatışan katmanlardan oluşur. Görsel, yerelliği bir bütünlük değil, toplumsal cinsiyetle, hafızayla ve mekânsal yarılmalarla örülmüş bir çatlak olarak sunar.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gülay Uğur Göksel https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Special Issue: Re-visiting ‘Localities’ in the Audio-Visual Field
Copyright (c) 2025 Ayşegül Kesirli Unur, Nazan Haydari Pakkan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Birth of the Prison, the Functional Reproduction of the Body: A Reading from the Field of Critical Management
This study aims to examine how disciplinary techniques function in different historical and social contexts. In this regard, it is argued that the critical management perspective can open new debates on the visible and invisible workings of disciplinary mechanisms and, through the questions it raises and the tools it provides, contribute to the effort of establishing a critical tradition in Turkish academia. This research, which asserts that disciplinary power exists not only as a repressive mechanism but also by producing individuals’ consent, analyzes the nature and effects of disciplinary practices in prisons through interviews conducted with formerly incarcerated workers in Turkey. The interviews, conducted with purposefully selected participants, were examined using critical discourse analysis. The findings reveal that surveillance, reward-punishment mechanisms, and disciplinary techniques implemented in prisons also function in similar ways in workplaces and modern management systems. These findings indicate that prisoners are not merely punished but also shaped as economic subjects. In this context, the study discusses how disciplinary techniques function through the labor of incarcerated workers and how they are connected to broader social control mechanisms. Instead of considering identities as natural, given, and universal, this study highlights that subjective experiences are constructed within certain power structures through subjectification practices, particularly by examining the prison-body relationship. In this direction, the study calls for expanding the critical management field by emphasizing the possibility of developing new subjectivities.
Copyright (c) 2025 Aytül Ayşe Cengiz, Arzu İnan Özlütaş, Remziye Kolcu https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
A Project-Based Approach to Developing Artificial Intelligence Literacy Competencies in University Students
This study evaluates the effectiveness of project-based artificial intelligence literacy trainings implemented within the scope of the University Student Communities Cooperation and Support Programme (UNIDES) project conducted at Kırıkkale University. The aim of the study is to measure the change in university students' knowledge, skills and attitudes towards artificial intelligence technologies and to examine its contribution to their professional development. A survey model based on quantitative research approach was used and the study group consisted of 514 associate, undergraduate and graduate students who participated in the UNIDES project programme in the 2024-2025 academic year. The Artificial Intelligence Literacy Activities Evaluation Questionnaire developed by the researchers was used as a data collection tool. The findings show that the project-based approach positively affects students' artificial intelligence knowledge levels, application competences and professional development. While a high impact was observed in the working principles and application areas of artificial intelligence systems, it was determined that additional training was needed in ethics and security issues. The study reveals the effects of a systematic programme for the development of artificial intelligence literacy in higher education in Türkiye with quantitative data.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ali Kavak, Kağan Erdem https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Effects of the February 28, 1997, Postmodern Coup on Turkish Political Life
Throughout Turkey’s political history, democracy has not been practiced at various intervals and for various reasons. Coup periods in particular appear to be problematic for democracy and human rights. On the one hand, coups put pressure on political actors, while on the other hand, they cause Turkish society to experience dilemmas in many areas. This study examined the process in which the then-government was forced to resign as a result of the National Security Council’s (MGK) decisions dated February 28, 1997, which is described as a postmodern coup in political terms. In addition, the study investigated the impact of influential actors such as the army and the media in this process and the limits of the outcomes of this process on social life. February 28 was a period of societal mobilization during which a section of society was targeted through the media, and finally, with a directive given by the military, civilian politics was shelved and authoritarian rule was experienced.
Copyright (c) 2025 Eray Göç https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Reassessing the Philosophy of Archaeology Through Ontological and Ethico-Political Perspectives
This article examines the philosophy of archaeology from ontological and ethico-political perspectives within an interdisciplinary framework. It emphasizes that archaeology is not merely a discipline that collects material data about the past, but also a theoretically grounded intellectual activity operating along the axes of being, knowledge, value, and action. Under the heading of ontology, the article addresses questions concerning the nature of archaeological objects and relations, exploring key approaches such as symmetrical archaeology, assemblage archaeology, and relational archaeology. It analyzes the connections between these approaches and non-anthropocentric ontologies, as well as the role of non-human actors in archaeological narratives. In the ethico-political section, the production of archaeological knowledge—by whom, how, and within which value frameworks—is critically questioned; themes such as political instrumentalization, cultural representation, and social justice are discussed through the lenses of Marxist, feminist, and anti-colonial archaeologies. The article argues that the ontological and ethico-political dimensions are not merely theoretical concerns but are constitutive elements that shape archaeological practice. In conclusion, it posits that the philosophy of archaeology is a critical intellectual domain for understanding the nature of our relationship with the past and how this relationship functions in the contemporary world.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dinçer Çevik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Impact of Earthquakes on Parents’ Communication with Their Children in the Context of Local Dynamics
This study aimed to determine the effects of earthquake on parents and their communication with their preschool children in the context of local dynamics. The study was conducted with a relational screening model. The study group consisted of parents of children aged 3-7 who live in Kahramanmaraş, Hatay, Osmaniye, Adıyaman, Gaziantep, Kilis, Adana and Malatya, which are local regions of Türkiye affected by the earthquake, and who are studying in preschool education institutions. Data were collected using the Mother-Father-Child Communication Assessment Tool and the Event Impact Scale-R. According to the research findings; it was determined that mothers were more affected by earthquakes, children perceived earthquakes through concrete events and could not understand the cause-effect relationship, fear of earthquake increased the feeling of anxiety and insecurity in children, and the loss of a family member in an earthquake increased the fear of earthquake in children. In addition, it was observed that mothers who were primary school graduates talked less about earthquakes with their children and that fear of earthquake did not change according to the gender of the child. These results show that the effects of the earthquake are also shaped by the socio-cultural structure, education level and lifestyles of the place where the earthquake occurs. When evaluated in the context of locality, it was determined that the post-disaster communication styles and emotional reactions of children are related to the unique conditions of the geography where they live..
Copyright (c) 2025 Hatice Yalçın, Macit Burak Yılmaz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Preserving Locality Through Architectural Transformation: Adaptive Reuse Approaches in Bilecik
In the context of globalization, urban identities are increasingly undergoing transformation, making the preservation of local values a critical issue within the fields of architecture and interior architecture. Locality is not limited to physical attachment to a place; rather, it is a dynamic structure shaped by historical, cultural, and social layers. This study analyzes the concept of locality through the adaptive reuse processes of three historic buildings in the city of Bilecik: the Bilecik Municipality Building, the Bilecik Museum, and the Bilecik Directorate of Culture and Tourism. Adopting a qualitative research method, the study employs literature review, visual documentation analysis, spatial evaluation, and comparative assessment. The findings reveal that these structures contribute to urban identity by preserving not only their physical form but also their historical and symbolic meanings. Adaptive reuse practices have demonstrated that interior architectural interventions can support spatial continuity while enabling cultural sustainability through the protection of local memory.
Copyright (c) 2025 Gizem Büke Öztürk https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
The Transfer of Traumatic Experiences in Artists’ Works and Their Contributions to Social Memory
Throughout history, societies have been exposed to various traumas. These traumas have been shaped by numerous factors, including wars, natural disasters, pandemics, economic crises, genocides, and political events, leaving lasting impacts on both individual and collective levels. However, studies on the artistic representation of these traumas remain limited, and there is a general lack of in-depth analysis regarding the role of social traumas in art. This study aims to examine how artists reflect social traumas in their works, the contributions of these works to collective memory, and their impact on viewers. The study investigates how artists convey traumatic events and processes through art, focusing on the techniques and forms of expression they employ. As a data collection method, historical artworks and biographical analyses of artists have been utilized. The artworks were analyzed using content analysis, revealing how artists confront social traumas and communicate this confrontation to their audience. Artists do not merely depict traumas as personal experiences but also engage with them as a means of fostering social responsibility and awareness.
Copyright (c) 2025 Müzeyyen Yeşim Yorulmaz https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Assessment of Metaverse and NFT Taxation
In the technology space, the most important topics discussed are related to the emergence of new digital assets such as the metaverse, NFTs, and artificial intelligence. In addition to the digital transformation of various corporate operations and systems and innovative approaches to asset creation, it is also important to address the economic and tax implications associated with these assets. The current uncertainty surrounding this rapidly developing technology is especially concerning considering its potential and momentum. Originally derived from online video games that prioritized user interaction, both the metaverse and NFTs now enable users to generate income and build wealth entirely in this digital environment. The comparison between NFTs and the metaverse serves to highlight the opportunity to develop a new field of decentralized solutions. However, the distinctions and commonalities between these two concepts are not sufficiently defined. A comprehensive understanding is crucial to establishing a solid foundation for NFTs and the metaverse. This study explores the definitions, characteristics, and differences between the metaverse and NFTs, while also providing recommendations regarding their tax implications based on implementations in various countries.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yücel Ergün https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Organizational Resilience in the Era of Multiple Crises:AI-Based Model Recommendation
This study proposes an AI-based model to address organizational resilience in the context of external crisis factors. While the existing literature predominantly focuses on internal processes, the impact of external factors remains underexplored. By integrating technologies such as big data analytics, machine learning, and natural language processing, the proposed model enhances organizations' ability to respond swiftly to external crises and build sustainable resilience. This research addresses theoretical gaps and offers a practical framework for advancing crisis management practices through AI-based solutions.
Copyright (c) 2025 Begüm Al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
An Alternative to Indispensable University Rankings: Responsible Ranking
This study evaluates the compliance of international university rankings with responsible ranking principles. Fourteen global university rankings were analyzed based on the most recent data available as of September 2024, using the CWTS, Berlin, and INORMS principles. The findings indicate that the CWTS Leiden ranking and the now inaccessible U-Multirank ranking demonstrate the highest adherence to responsible ranking principles, whereas popular rankings such as QS, THE, and ARWU exhibit low performance in terms of transparency, governance, and methodological robustness. The results of this study clearly show a lack of alignment with current practices in Turkey. Decision-makers need to adopt a more informed approach to using university rankings, and this study provides a guiding framework for the responsible development and application of these rankings.
Copyright (c) 2025 Güleda Doğan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Tracing Populism in Right Parties in Turkey
We can define populism as the discursive style of an anti-elite ideological position that claims to put the people at the centre. Although it has right and left versions, it can be said that historically right-wing ideologies have a closer commonality with populism. Since the Turkish right has been quite decisive in the historical development of populism in Turkey, it is very important to analyse the journey of populism in Turkey through right-wing parties. Although the principle of ‘populism’, one of the Six Principle of the CHP, calls for populism, this principle cannot be characterised as populism due to the aims of this principle and the specific conditions of the period. The DP, who came to power in 1950, left a populist legacy to the right-wing parties that came after him, which were taken over by parties and their leaders such as AP, MSP/MNP/RP, MHP and ANAP, claiming to be the representatives of the nationalist, conservative and Islamist segments of the Turkish right. Since the right-wing parties in Turkey, claiming to act on behalf of the nation, have brought the effects of the religious, national, economic and cultural concerns of the people into the political arena with a populist style, tracing populism in these parties between 1950 and 2000 and revealing the forms of its use is very important in terms of showing political continuities.
Populism, right-wing populism, Turkish right-wing parties, Islamism, nationalism.
Copyright (c) 2025 Ertuğrul Meşe https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Domestic Rivalries as Daytime Spectacle: An Analysis of In-Law Cooking Competitions
Daytime television in Turkey has long been dominated by reality shows focused on intra-familial relations. A particular trend that stands out is the mother-in-law and daughter-in-law cooking competition shows. These formats with their domestic aesthetics, transform the typically private dynamics of family life into a televised spectacle. This article examines how two popular shows, Zuhal Topal’la Sofrada and Gelinim Mutfakta, frame the in-law relationship as a site of both domestic rivalry and power negotiation. Drawing on discourse analysis and Foucauldian theories of power, the study explores how these formats re-construct domestic power dynamics and reflect the broader neoconservative family policies of contemporary Turkey. By reframing the in-law dynamic as an entertainment format, they reinforce patriarchal narratives while simultaneously exposing the tensions and contradictions within them. The in-law cooking competitions highlight the way television can both reflect and transform traditional gender roles within the context of Turkish culture.
Copyright (c) 2025 Öykü Teoman https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
From Static to Moving Image; The Role of Generative AI in 2D Animation
The combination of art and technology opens up new horizons on how to use it in the animation production field based on generative artificial intelligence (GAI). Traditional transitional time and labor-supported animation production is accelerated with GAI-based distances and offers new creative possibilities. This effective, the role of GAI in two-dimensional (2D) animation production and how the animation process is shaped are discussed. Within the scope of the research, how the production phase of animations can be animated with GAI-based tools, traditional techniques used in animation art. Different technical methods offered by GAI-based platforms such as Runway, Kling AI and Minimax Hailuo AI are analyzed, and elements such as movement fluidity, ease of use, continuity and visual quality in transfer movements with GAI are evaluated. This research examines the contribution of GAI to the range of motion, its role in production speed and visual quality, and how GAI can lead the global motion industry.
Copyright (c) 2025 Büşra Ekmen, Ertan Toy https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Structural, Professional and Systematic Problems and Solution Suggestions in Social Work Practices in Türkiye
Social work is an applied profession and academic discipline that aims to meet the needs of individuals, groups and society within the framework of human rights and social justice principles. Social workers, who work with the aim of meeting the basic needs of disadvantaged groups, improving their living standards and contributing to their reintegration into society, face various structural, professional and systemic problems while practicing their profession. These problems include factors such as excessive workload, bureaucratic obstacles, insufficient resources, lack of strengthening professional identity and lack of supervision. Measures such as increasing the number of social workers, promoting digitalization, clarifying professional boundaries and expanding in-service trainings stand out as solutions. This study aims to provide contributions to increase the effectiveness of the social work profession and to achieve a more sustainable structure. Strengthening the profession will not only improve the working conditions of social workers, but also contribute positively to the general welfare of society.
Copyright (c) 2025 Nurhayat Çalışkan Akçetin; Neslihan Han https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Identity status: Complicated! Netflix Türkiye, Glocalization and Advertising
In this manuscript, I examine the localization strategies employed by Netflix with a particular focus on the case of Netflix Türkiye and its local advertising campaigns. Through a textual analysis of the paratexts associated with Netflix Türkiye, this study posits that the local advertising initiatives of Netflix effectively encapsulate the principles of glocalization, as they navigate the intersection of global, local, and national contexts. By implementing strategic adaptations in its advertising campaigns and commodifying local culture, Netflix Türkiye contributes to the reproduction of locality and the reinvention of the glocal identity of the paratexts and the Netflix brand. An analysis of the online advertisements produced by Netflix Türkiye yields significant insights into how a global corporation leverages glocalization to expand its market share and gain an economic advantage in the streaming service industry.
Copyright (c) 2025 Yeşim Kaptan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Localized Marginalization: Migrant Spaces and Non-Places in Istanbul
Istanbul, as a metropolis, shapes migrant experiences through its fragmented urban landscape. While offering opportunities, its socio-spatial dynamics push migrants into precarious, transient, and exclusionary spaces. This article examines how local policies, economic conditions, and social narratives construct non-places, spaces of transition, alienation, and instability. Through an analysis of films and documentaries set in Istanbul, the study explores how the city produces and reinforces non-places for migrants through localized urban strategies and the tension between tradition and modernity. Situating these films within the discourse of localization and glocalization, the paper highlights how cities become both sites of exclusion and adaptation, where migrants negotiate between place and displacement. The paper explores how non-places in Istanbul, shape the experiences of migrants and strangers to the city. Furthermore, it argues that these non-places themselves take on a migrant quality, constantly shifting, mirroring the instability of those who inhabit or pass through them.
Copyright (c) 2025 Övgü Bozgeyik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Adapting Job Interviews: A Cross-Cultural Study of TV Dramas
This study conducts a comparative analysis of job-interview scenes from the South Korean series She Was Pretty (2015) and its adaptations in Turkiye (Seviyor Sevmiyor, 2016) and China (Pretty Li Hui Zhen, 2017), focusing on how visual elements such as mise-en-scène and shot-length-distributions reflect cultural differences and emotional proximities. By integrating qualitative textual analysis with quantitative shot-length analysis, this research examines the visual grammar of these adaptations through the lens of Multiple Proximities Theory. While mise-en-scène varies across adaptations, shot-length serves as a consistent visual tool for conveying emotional expressions, even when the distribution patterns differ. This interdisciplinary approach highlights the value of combining visual semiotics with statistical data to deepen our understanding of how cultural and aesthetic proximities are communicated in transnational television dramas.
Copyright (c) 2025 Öykü Bozgeyik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0
Global Flows and Local Voices in Zadie Smith’s White Teeth
This article investigates how Doreen Massey’s concepts of A Global Sense of Place and Geographies of Power can be applied to Zadie Smith’s White Teeth to analyze the dynamic construction of locality in multicultural London. By depicting intersecting lives across ethnic, cultural, and generational divides, Smith’s novel presents London as a fluid and contested space shaped by global migration, history, and power flows. The study examines how the novel translates the city’s audiovisual textures—urban landscapes, voices, and cultural signifiers—into narrative form. Massey’s framework allows for a reading of White Teeth where locality is seen not as fixed or nostalgic but as a site of mobility, interaction, and conflict. This approach emphasizes how Smith’s portrayal of North London captures the complexities of globalization and redefines the literary representation of place.
Copyright (c) 2025 Duygu Koroncu Özbilen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0